Certified Nephrology Nurse Certification (CNN) Practice Exam 2025 - Free Nephrology Nursing Practice Questions and Study Guide

Acute kidney disease, often referred to as acute kidney injury (AKI), is characterized by a rapid decline in kidney function, which can occur over a period of hours to days. The key feature of acute kidney injury is its potential for reversibility, especially if the underlying cause is identified and treated promptly. Common causes of AKI include dehydration, infections, obstruction of the urinary tract, or exposure to nephrotoxins, all of which can often be resolved with appropriate medical intervention.

In contrast, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition that typically does not improve and gradually leads to a permanent loss of kidney function over time. Fatal and chronically progressive categories, while highlighting severe conditions, do not denote a clear capacity for reversibility, making them less relevant for identifying potentially reversible kidney disease. Thus, acute kidney disease stands out as the category where timely care and management can significantly restore kidney function.