Certified Nephrology Nurse Certification (CNN) Practice Exam 2025 - Free Nephrology Nursing Practice Questions and Study Guide

A major contraindication for kidney transplantation is the presence of an active or severe untreated infection. In the context of transplantation, maintaining the immune system's integrity is vital. Transplant recipients must take immunosuppressive medications to prevent organ rejection, which also compromises their immune system. Therefore, if an active or severe infection is present, it poses significant risks both to the patient and the success of the transplantation procedure.

Active infections can lead to severe complications during surgery and in the postoperative period, as the patient’s weakened immune defenses may not be able to adequately combat the infection. Treating the infection prior to transplantation is crucial, as successful infection control is fundamental for the patient's overall recovery and for the viability of the transplanted organ.

In contrast, while previous transplant failure may complicate future transplant considerations, it does not automatically preclude a candidate from receiving another kidney. Controlled diabetes can often be managed effectively, allowing for eligibility. Age over 60 is no longer considered an absolute contraindication, as many older adults successfully undergo transplantation with appropriate evaluation and management. Thus, active or severe untreated infections are the primary concern that would prevent a patient from safely undergoing kidney transplantation.